Aktivitas Antibakteri Gram Positif Serta Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid dan Fenolik Total Dari Ekstrak Dan Fraksi Daun Jati (Tectona grandis Linn.F.)

Abstract

The increasing resistance of bacteria to several antibiotics provides a great opportunity to exploit the potential of natural antibiotics from plants. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of extracts and fractions of teak leaves (Tectona grandis Linn.F.), as well as determining phenolic and flavonoid levels. Teak leaf samples were extracted using the maceration method with ethanol solvent. The extract was fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate solvents. Antibacterial tests were carried out on the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21332, and Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 using the Broth microdilution method by measuring the MIC and MBC values. The results of the antibacterial activity test of the ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, chloroform fraction and n-hexane fraction against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus mutans obtained an MIC value at a sample concentration of 256 µg/mL. The MBC value of the sample against Staphylococcus aureus was at a concentration of 1024 µg/mL. The total phenolic content of teak leaf extracts and fractions, namely ethanol extract, was 108 mg/g sample, n-hexane fraction 183.556 mg/g sample, chloroform fraction 59.11 mg/g, and ethyl acetate fraction 364 mg/g sample. The total flavonoid content of teak leaf extracts and fractions, namely ethanol extract, was 263.53 mg/g sample, n-hexane fraction 522.353 mg/g sample, chloroform fraction 192.94 mg/g sample, and ethyl acetate fraction 265.49 mg/g. g sample.