BioWallacea: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi (Journal of Biological Research)

Produksi Biofilm oleh Strain Klebsiella pneumoniae Resistan Antibiotik

Indah Sulistiyawati — 2024-11-18

Klebsiella pneumoniae is known as a Gram-negative bacterium that most often causes infections and is resistant to antibiotics, making it very difficult to treat. Bacteria have several resistance mechanisms, one of which is biofilm production. The purpose of this study was to analyze the biofilm production of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains that are resistant to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, as a form of defense mechanism. The in vitro research method was used to achieve the goal, carried out by testing clinical specimens of blood, sputum, pus, urine, feces, pleural fluid, with the process of isolation and identification, resistance testing and measuring biofilm production. The tested resistant K. pneumoniae isolates have a resistance mechanism by producing strong, medium and weak qualification biofilms, as well as low porin cell permeability. A strong significant correlation was formed in biofilm production with the amount of bacterial cell growth at the MIC value, which can increase cases of resistance prevalence.

Profil Senyawa Kimia dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Kombucha Daun Senggani (Melastoma candidum D. Don) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis

Dewi Jayanti — 2024-11-22

This study aims to determine the chemical content profile of kombucha preparations from Senggani leaves and determine the antibacterial activity of Senggani leaf kombucha (Melastoma candidum D. Don) against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. The determination of flavonoid and phenolic profiles was carried out qualitatively using the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. Testing of antibacterial activity was carried out using the disc diffusion method. Senggani leaf kombucha was successfully made which was characterized by the formation of a SCOBY cellulose layer on the surface of the kombucha production medium and the presence of a distinctive fermentation aroma. KLT screening results showed that pure extracts of Seggani leaves, decoctions of Senggani leaves and kombucha of Senggani leaves contained flavonoid and phenolic compounds. Senggani leaf kombucha has antibacterial activity against the bacteria that cause body odor Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Keywords: Antibacterial, Thin layer chromatography, Kombucha, Senggani leaf.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan profil kandungan kimia pada sediaan kombucha dari daun Senggani dan menentukan aktivitas antibakteri kombucha dari daun Senggani (Melastoma candidum D. Don) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Penentuan profil flavonoid dan fenolik dilakukan secara kualitatif menggunakan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Data hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri dianalisis secara statistik One Way ANOVA dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%,α <0,05%. Kombucha daun Senggani berhasil dibuat yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya lapisan selulosa SCOBY di permukaan larutan kombucha yang difermentasi dan adanya aroma khas fermentasi. Hasil skrining KLT ekstrak murni daun Senggani, rebusan dan kombucha daun Senggani mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan fenolik. Rata-rata diameter zona hambat paling rendah diperoleh pada kombucha dengan konsentrasi 10% dengan nilai 1,45 mm, sedangkan rata-rata aktivitas antibaktei tertinggi kombucha daun Senggani berada pada konsentrasi 100% dengan nilai 6,23. Kombucha daun Senggani memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap baktei Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Kata Kunci: Antibakteri, Daun Senggani, Kombucha, Kromatografi Lapis tipis

Kelimpahan Gastropoda Jenis Telescopium sp., Pada Kawasan Mangrove Desa Tanjung Tiram Sulawesi Tenggara

La Ode Adi Parman Rudia — 2024-11-25

This study aims to determine the abundance of gastropods of the Telescopium sp. type, in the mangrove area of Tanjung Tiram Village, Southeast Sulawesi. This gastropod abundance study is needed to determine the trophic level of gastropods in the food chain in the mangrove ecosystem area in Tanjung Tiram Village, so that the community, especially shellfish farmers, can make key locations for finding gastropod shellfish and can be used as a scientific basis for the cultivation and management of shellfish fisheries in the mangrove ecosystem. Gastropod biological data, in the form of morphometrics (shell length and weight) of gastropods were observed in the laboratory. Then for the parameters of the aquatic environment in the form of water and substrate samples were further analyzed in the Biology Laboratory of the UHO Forensic and Biomolecular Unit using the Miller triangle sediment fraction method and the APHA standard method. Statistical data analysis was carried out using the Excel Stat and SPPS applications. The results obtained showed that the highest abundance of gastropods at the research location was shown at station 3 with an average value of 4.45 ind/m² and the lowest was at station I with an average value of 2.75 ind/m²

Keywords: Abundance, Telescopium, Mangrove, Southeast Sulawesi.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan gastropoda jenis Telescopium sp., di kawasan mangrove desa Tanjung Tiram Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian kelimpahan gastropoda ini dibutuhkan untuk mengetahui tingkatan trofik gastropoda dalam rantai makanan pada kawasan ekosistem mangrove di Desa Tanjung Tiram, sehingga masyarakat khususnya para petambak kerang dapat menjadikan lokasi kunci untuk mencari kerang gastropoda serta dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar ilmiah untuk budidaya dan pengelolaan perikanan kerang-kerangan di ekosistem mangrove. Data biologi gastropoda, berupa morfometrik (panjang cangkang dan beratnya) gastropoda diamati di laboratorium. Kemudian untuk paramater lingkungan perairan berupa sampel air dan substrat dianalisis lebih lanjut di Laboratorium Biologi Unit Forensik dan Biomolekuler UHO menggunakan metode fraksi sedimen segitiga Miller dan metode baku APHA. Analisis data statistik dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi Excel Stat dan SPPS. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan kelimpahan gastropoda tertinggi di lokasi penelitian ditunjukkan pada stasiun 3 dengan nilai rata-rata 4,45 ind/m² dan terendah adalah pada stasiun I dengan nilai rata-rata 2,75 ind/m².

Kata Kunci: Kelimpahan, Telescopium, Mangrove, Sulawesi Tenggara

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur Selulotik Sebagai Agen Biokonversi Pakan

Asrul Asrul — 2024-11-26

Abstract

Forage and concentrate are the main feed for ruminant animals. However, forage is the most frequently used feed by farmers to meet the nutritional needs of their livestock. Abundance is the main reason why forage is the most favored by farmers. However, the deficiency of forage is the high fiber content, especially cellulose, which causes low digestibility. One way to reduce cellulose content is with the help of cellulolytic fungi. Cellulolytic fungi are known to have the ability to degrade cellulose. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify cellulolytic fungi found in the decomposed plant matter of odot grass, which is usually used as feed for ruminant animals. Fungi that can degrade cellulose are characterized by their ability to clear CMC media that has been given Congo red. The identification of fungi carried out includes morphological and microscopic characterization. The results showed that three genera of fungi were able to degrade cellulose, namely Aspergillus (isolates P1 and P2), Rhizopus (isolates P5 and P9), and Mucor (isolate P7). The fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Rhizopus, and Mucor can degrade cellulose in odot grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott).

Keywords: Fungi, Cellulolytic, Animal Feed,

Abstrak

Hijauan dan konsentrat merupakan pakan utama bagi ternak ruminansia, namun demikian pakan hijauan merupakan pakan yang sering digunakan oleh peternak untuk memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi ternaknya. Kelimpahan menjadi alasan utama pakan hijauan paling diminati peternak, namun demikian kekurangan pakan hijauan adalah tingginya kadar seratnya khusus selulosanya yang menyebabkan rendahnya tingkat kecernaannya. Salah satu cara untuk menurunkan kadar seluosanya yaitu dengan bantuan jamur selulotik. Jamur selulotik diketahui mempunyai kemampuan mendegradasi selulosa. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi jamur selulotik yang terdapat di serasa rumput odot yang biasanya dijadikan pakan ternak ruminansia.Jamur yang mempunyai kemampuan mendegrdasi selulosa ditandai dengan kemampuannya untuk menzona beningkan media CMC yang telah diberikan kongo red. Identikasi jamur yang dilakukan meliputi karakterisasi morfologis dan mikroskopis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada tiga genus jamur yang mampu mendegrasi selulosa yaitu Aspergillus (isolat P1 dan P2), Rhizopus ( isolat P5 dan P9) dan terakhir Mucor ( isolat P7). Jamur genus Aspergiilus, Rhzopus dan Mucor memiliki kemampuan mendegradasi selulosa pada tanaman rumput odot (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott).

Analisis Kualitas Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kebun Raya Kendari

La Ode Midi — 2024-11-27

Rapid urban development to meet the population's needs impacts ecological changes and a decrease in environmental quality. Green Open Space (RTH) is an important element in supporting ecological balance and improving the quality of the urban environment. Although Law No. 26 of 2007 mandates the allocation of 30% of land for green spaces, in reality only about 10% is managed privately and 20% by the public sector. This study aims to evaluate the quality of the 113-hectare Kendari Botanical Garden, Southeast Sulawesi's first conservation space, which is experiencing accessibility and infrastructure challenges despite physical development. The methods used include interviews, observations, and literature studies, with descriptive analysis of accessibility, activities, and facilities aspects. The results showed that the accessibility aspect received a good rating, while the activity and facility aspects were in the fair to good category. This research emphasizes the need for improvement to meet the needs of sustainable urban planning and increase visitor comfort so that Kendari Botanical Garden can function optimally as an inclusive and user-friendly green space.

Efek Pemberian Monosodium Glutamat (MSG) Terhadap Morfologi Spermatozoa Epididymis Mencit (Mus musculus, L.)

Wa Ode Harlis Harlis — 2024-11-28

This study aims to determine the effect of giving monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the morphology of epididymal spermatozoa in mice (Mus musculus, L.). A total of 16 male mice weighing 20-30 grams aged 2-3 months were divided into 4 treatments, namely 1 control (PAM water), and 3 treatments of monosodium glutamate, namely; T1 (1.5 ml/g BW), T2 (3.0 ml/g BW), and T3 (4.5 ml/g BW). MSG was administered orally for 34 days. On the 35th day, the mice's body weight was weighed, then dissected and the cauda epididymis was taken to observe spermatozoa morphology using the smear preparation method. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and further HSD Turkey test with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) caused abnormal spermatozoa morphology and increased their percentage. The average percentage reduction in normal spermatozoa morphology in all treatments sequentially, namely the dose of 1.5 ml/g BW (T1) was 40.50%, the dose 3.0 ml/g BW (T2) was 55.42%, the dose was 4.5 ml /g BW (T3) was 74.75%, while the decrease was only 11.50% for the control (T0). Based on the research results, it was concluded that administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) increased the percentage of abnormal epididymal spermatozoa in mice (Mus musculus, L.).

Key words: Monosodium glutamate, spermatozoa morphology, Mus musculus

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian monosodium glutamat (MSG) terhadap morfologi spermatozoa epididimis pada mencit (Mus musculus, L.). Sebanyak 16 ekor mencit jantan dengan berat badan 20-30 gram umur 2-3 bulan dibagi menjadi 4 perlakuan yaitu 1 kontrol (air PAM), dan 3 perlakuan pemberian monosodium gutamat yaitu; P1 (1,5 ml/g BB), P2 (3,0 ml/g BB), dan P3 (4,5 ml/g BB). MSG diberikan secara oral selama 34 hari. Pada hari ke-35 mencit ditimbang berat badannya, kemudian dibedah dan diambil cauda epididimisnya untuk diamati morfologi spermatozoanya dengan metode sediaan apus. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan uji HSD Turkey dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian monosodium glutamat (MSG) menyebabkan morfologi spermatozoa abnormal dan meningkatkan persentasenya. Rata-rata persentase penurunan morfologi spermatozoa normal pada semua perlakuan secara berurutan yaitu dosis 1,5 ml/g BB (T1) sebesar 40,50%, dosis 3,0 ml/g BB (T2) sebesar 55,42%, dosis 4,5 ml/g BB (T3) sebesar 74,75%, sedangkan penurunannya hanya sebesar 11,50% pada kontrol (T0). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian monosodium glutamat (MSG) dapat meningkatkan persentase spermatozoa epididimis abnormal pada mencit (Mus musculus, L.).

Kata kunci : Monosodium glutamat, morfologi spermatozoa, Mus musculus,

Karakteristik Morfometrik Collembola Pada Areal Lahan Karst Bekas Kebun di Kecamatan Gu dan Lakudo Kabupaten Buton Tengah

Muhsin Muhsin — 2024-11-28

This study aims to determine the morphometric characteristics of Collembola on ex-garden karst land areas in Gu and Lakudo Districts, Central Buton Regency. This research is a kind of explorative research. which is descriptive quantitative. There are four stations, namely station I where the land is temporarily cultivated, station II, which is land that has been abandoned for ± 10 years. Station III is land that has been abandoned for ± 20 years. Sampling using purposive sampling method. Soil samples were taken using the Soil Ring Sampler and then the soil samples were extracted using the Tullgren Funnel. Collembola morphometric measurements were carried out using a digital stereo microscope. The environmental parameters measured included light intensity, soil temperature, soil moisture, soil pH, air temperature, air humidity and soil water content. The results of this study obtained as many as 6 species of Collembola with a total of 148 individuals which were carried out at four study sites. The parameters measured were body length and antenna length. The body length of species 1 ranges from 0.15 to 0.87 mm. The second species ranges from 0.20 to 0.39 mm. Species 3 ranged from 0.17 to 0.63 mm. Species 4 ranged from 0.18 to 0.78. Species 5 ranges from 0.17 to 0.68 mm. Species 6 ranges from 0.19 to 0.40 mm. The observation results show that the longer plantation land is abandoned, the greater the morphometric character of Collembola.

Keywords: Morphometric Collembola, Karst Land, Central Buton Regency

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik morfometrik Collembola pada areal lahan karst bekas kebun di Kecamatan Gu dan Lakudo Kabupaten Buton Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian ekploratif. yang bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif. Terdapat empat stasiun yaitu stasiun I lahan yang masing sementara diolah, stasiun II yaitu lahan yang telah ditinggal selama ±10 tahun dan stasiun III yaitu lahan yang telah ditinggalkan selama ±20 tahun. Sampling menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Sampel tanah diambil dengan menggunakan alat Soil Ring Sampler kemudian sampel tanah diekstraksi menggunakan Tullgren Funnel. Pengukuran morfometrik Collembola dilakukan menggunakan mikroskop stereo secara digital. Parameter lingkungan yang diukur meliputi intensitas cahaya, suhu tanah, pH tanah, suhu udara, kelembapan udara dan kandungan air tanah. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan sebanyak 6 spesies Collembola dengan total 148 individu yang dilakukan pada tiga lokasi penelitian. Parameter yang diukur yaitu panjang tubuh dan panjang antenna. Panjang tubuh spesies 1 berkisar antara 0,15 sampai 0,87 mm. Spesies kedua berkisar antara 0,20 sampai 0,39 mm. Spesies 3 berkisar antara 0.17 sampai 0,63 mm. Spesies 4 berkisar antara 0,18 sampai 0,78. Spesies 5 berkisar antara 0,17 sampai 0,68 mm. Spesies 6 berkisar antara 0,19 sampai 0,40 mm. Hasil pengamatan diketahui semakin lama lahan perkebunan ditinggalkan maka karakter morfometrik Collembola semakin besar.

Kata Kunci: Morfometrik Collembola, Lahan Karst, Kabupaten Buton Tengah

Respon Fisiologi Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) Terhadap Cekaman Kekeringan Dengan Induksi Paklobutrazol dan Interval Penyiraman Pada Tanah Bekas Tambang Emas

Rita Ningsih — 2024-11-28

This research aims to observe the combination effect of watering interval, and paclobutrazol toward chlorophyll, alkaloid and anthocyanin content of soybean leaves (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) growing in Bombana’s gold post mining soil. This experimental research used a factorial complete randomized design with three replicates. There were two factors: watering interval (H1: every day, H2: 2 days and H3: 3 days) and paclobutrazol concentrations (P0: 0 ppm, P1:100 ppm, and P2: 200 ppm). The data analysed by two way Anova (Analysis of Variance) and continued with Tukey test. The result show that H1P1 has highest chlorophyll content (31.904 CCI) and lowest at H3P1 was 23.022 CCI. However, the combination of watering interval and paclobutrazol did not have a significant effect on chlorophyll content. Tukey test showed that treatment combination which gives the highest content of both alkaloid and anthocyanin is H3P2 with values of 0.027 g and 0.400 % respectively. It can be concluded that the application of paclobutrazol can stimulate physiological responses in the form of increasing the content of chlorophyll, anthocyanins and alkaloids so that the survival capacity of soybeans increases under drought stress conditions in Bombana’s gold post mining soil.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi interval penyiraman dan paklobutrazol terhadap kadar klorofil, alkaloid, dan antosianin daun kedelai yang tumbuh pada tanah pasca tambang emas Bombana Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu interval penyiraman (H1: setiap hari, H2: 2 hari, H3: 3 hari). Faktor kedua yaitu konsentrasi paklobutrazol (P0: 0 ppm, P1: 100 ppm, dan P2: 200 ppm). Data dianalisis menggunakan Anova (Analysis of Variance) dua arah dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Hasil menunjukkan perlakuan H1P1 memiliki kandungan klorofil paling tinggi (31,904 CCI) dan paling rendah pada H3P1 yaitu 23,022 CCI. Namun kombinasi interval penyiraman dan paklobutrazol tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kandungan klorofil. Hasil Uji Tukey menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi perlakuan H3P2 menunjukkan kandungan tertinggi baik pada alkaloid maupun antosianin dengan nilai secara berurutan yaitu 0,027 g dan 0,400 %. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa paklobutrazol dapat menstimulasi respon fisiologi dalam bentuk peningkatan kandungan klorofil, alkaloid dan antosianin sehingga kapasitas bertahan hidup kedelai pun meningkat di bawah kondisi cekaman kekeringan pada tanah pasca tambang emas Bombana.

Kata Kunci: interval penyiraman, paklobutrazol, klorofil, alkaloid and antosianin, kedelai

Studi Kerapatan, Tutupan Jenis, dan Potensi Penyimpanan Karbon Lamun di Perairan Teluk Lasongko, Kabupaten Buton Tengah

Kasnia Kaatu — 2024-11-29

Seagrass is one of the coastal plants that has the ability to absorb carbon emissions from the atmosphere, store it in its organs, and deposit it in the sediment around where it grows. Therefore, this plant has an important role to mitigate the impact of climate change due to high carbon emissions in the atmosphere. The aim of this research is to reveal the seagrass species, biomass and vegetation carbon stock as well as seagrass sediment carbon stock in the waters of Lasongko Bay, Central Buton Regency. The density of seagrass data was done by quadratic transect method, sediment collection uses the Auger set, and seagrass carbon as well as sediment carbon analysis was done by LOI method. The result showed that there were 4 seagrass species at station I, and 5 types at station II, namely C. rotundata, T. hemprichii, H. minor, H. Pinifolia, and E. acoroides (only found at station II). The highest stand density of seagrass species was C. rotundata at station I (156.24 stands/m²) and station II (241.57 stands/m²) which was caused by the dominance of this type in both locations. Meanwhile, the highest biomass and carbon stock of the seagrass type is T. hemprichii, with the highest percentage of biomass and carbon stock allocated to the subsurface sediment (roots and rhizomes). Seagrass sediment carbon stocks show fluctuating results depending on the depth of the sediment and the density of the sediment.

Abstrak

Lamun merupakan salah satu tumbuhan pesisir yang memiliki kemampuan dalam menyerap emisi karbon dari atmosfer, menyimpannya ke dalam organnya, serta menimbun ke dalam sedimen di sekitar tempat tumbuhnya. Oleh karena itu, tumbuhan ini memiliki peranan penting dalam upaya memitigasi dampak perubahan iklim akibat tingginya emisi karbon di atmosfer. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap jenis lamun, biomassa dan stok karbon vegetasi serta stok karbon sedimen lamun yang ada di perairan teluk lasongko kabupaten Buton Tengah. Koleksi data jenis dan kerapatan menggunakan metode transek kuadrat, koleksi sedimen menggunakan Auger set, serta analisis karbon lamun dan sedimen menggunakan metode LOI. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 4 jenis lamun di stasiun I, dan 5 jenis di stasiun II, yaitu C. rotundata, T. hemprichii, H. minor, H. Pinifolia, dan E. acoroides (hanya terdapat di stasiun II). Kerapatan tegakan jenis lamun tertinggi yaitu jenis C. rotundata di stasiun I (156,24 tegakan/m²) dan stasiun II (241,57 tegakan/m²) yang disebabkan oleh dominansi jenis tersebut di kedua lokasi. Sementara itu, biomassa dan stok karbon jenis lamun tertinggi yaitu jenis T. hemprichii, dengan persentase biomassa dan stok karbon tertinggi dialokasikan di bagian bawah permukaan sedimen (akar dan rhizoma). Untuk stok karbon sedimen lamun menunjukkan hasil yang berfluktuatif yang bergantung kepada kedalaman sedimen dan kepadatan sedimennya.

Kata kunci: Lamun, stok karbon, teluk lasongko

Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sawi (Brassica juncea L.) Setelah Pemberian Bokasi Pupuk Kandang Sapi Pada Tanah Pesisir

Resman Resman — 2024-11-29

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of cow manure bokasi on changes in soil chemical properties and the growth of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) on coastal soil. This research was carried out from July to September 2023 in Nanga-Nanga, Mokoau Village, Kendari City. The research design used was a Randomized Group Design (RAK). The treatment tested was the dose of bokashi cow manure in a 30x30 cm polybag container containing 5 kg of coastal soil, consisting of 4 treatments, namely P0 (Control) 0 g polybag-1, (PKS1) 250 g polybag-1, (PKS2) 500 g polybag-1 and (PKS3) 750 g polybag-1. Each treatment was repeated three times so that there were 12 treatment units. Variables observed: 1) Soil chemical properties: (pH H20, C-Organic, P-available and N-total, 2) Mustard plant growth: (Plant height and number of leaves). Soil chemical properties analysis data; pH H2O, C-Organic, P-available and N-total, compared with soil assessment criteria (Soil Research Institute, 2023). Mustard plant growth data, including plant height and number of leaves, were analyzed using ANOVA and the BNJ further test with a confidence level of 95%. The results of the research showed that giving cow manure bokasi had a significant effect on the chemical properties of the soil; pH H20, C-Organic, P-available and N-total. There was an increase in the pH value of H2O from 5.10 to 6.00, C-Organic from 1.89% to 2.55%, P-available from 6.17ppm to 9.21 ppm and N-total from 0.14% to 0.35%. Giving cow manure bokasi also had a significant effect on plant height and number of leaves at the age of 7, 14 and 21 HSPT. PKS3 treatment is better with a dose of 750g polybag-1 based on the BNJ test with a confidence level of 95%.

Key words: Bokasi, Brassica juncea, soil chemistry, coastal soil

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh bokasi pupuk kandang sapi terhadap sifat kimia tanah dan pertumbuhan tanaman sawi pada tanah pesisir. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai September 2023 di Nanga-Nanga, Kelurahan Mokoau, kota Kendari. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Perlakuan yang diuji adalah dosis bokashi pupuk kandang sapi yang terdiri 4 taraf yaitu P0 (Kontrol) 0 g polibag^-1, (PKS1) 250 g polibag^-1, (PKS2) 500 g polibag^-1 dan (PKS3) 750 g polibag^-1. Masing-masing perlakuan diulangan tiga kali terdapat 12 unit perlakuan. Variabel yang diamati: 1) Analisis kimia tanah : (pH H20, C- Organik, P-tersedia dan N-total, 2) Pertumbuhan tanaman sawi: (Tinggi tanaman dan Jumlah daun ). Data analisis sifat kimia tanah; pH H₂O, C-Organik, P-tersedia dan N-total, dengan cara membandingkan data hasil analisis dengan kriteria penilaian tanah (Balai Penelitian Tanah, 2023). Data hasil pengamatan pertumbuhan tanaman sawi meliputi tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun, dianalisis menggunakan uji Anova. Jika nilai F nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji perbedaan rata-rata menggunakan uji BNJ pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian bokasi pupuk kandang sapi berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan sifat kimia tanah; pH H₂0, C- Organik, P-tersedia dan N-total. Nilai pH H₂O dari 5,10 naik 6,00, C-Organik dari 1,89% naik 2,55%, P-tersedia dari 6,17ppm naik 9,21 ppm dan N-total dari 0,14% naik 0,35%. Pemberian bokasi pupuk kandang sapi juga berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun tanaman tanaman pada umur 7, 14 dan 21 HSPT. Perlakuan (PKS3) lebih baik dengan dosis 750g polibag^-1.

Inventarisasi Ektoparasit Pada Itik (Anas plathyryncos) Yang Dipelihara Di Kelurahan Ladongi, Kecamatan Ladongi, Kabupaten Kolaka Timur

Ayu Widiastuti — 2024-11-30

This research aims to determine the varians of ectoparasites, the prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites that infect of ducks (Anas plathyryncos) maintained in the Ladongi Village, Ladongi District, East Kolaka District. This study is an exploratory type of research. The 50 ducks used as a sample were randomly selected without being based on male and female. Samples of ectoparasites that have been obtained are then taken to the laboratory to be observed using a microscope. After being observed, the results obtained were identified using a parasitology book as a reference. Data analysis in this study was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitatively, the results obtained are calculated using the prevalence, intensity and distribution percentage formulas for ectoparasites, the results of which are presented table and qualitatively namely described. The results showed that of the 50 ducks examined, 25 were declared infected with ectoparasites. The ectoparasites found were lice and mites, lice ectoparasites consisted of 3 species namely Menopon gallinae, Goniocotes gallinae and Goniodes dissimilis and mites consisted of 1 species namely Dermacentor andersoni. The prevalence rate of ectoparasites that attack ducks is 50% and this is included in the very frequent infection category. The intensity level of ectoparasites infecting ducks was 4,56%. This shows that the number of ectoparasites that infect ducks is relatively small, so it can be said to be in the low category.

Keywords: Inventory, Ectoparasites, Ducks, East Kolaka District.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis ektoparasit, prevalensi dan intensitas ektoparasit yang menginfestasi itik (Anas plathyryncos) yang dipelihara di Kelurahan Ladongi, Kecamatan Ladongi, Kabupaten Kolaka Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksploratif. Itik yang digunakan sebagai sampel sebanyak 50 ekor yang dipilih secara bebas atau dipilih tanpa berdasarkan jenis kelamin jantan dan betina. Sampel ektoparasit yang telah didapatkan, kemudian dibawa ke laboratorium untuk diamati dengan menggunakan mikroskop. Setelah diamati, hasil yang didapatkan diidentifikasi menggunakan buku panduan parasitologi sebagai acuan. Analisis data pada penelitian ini dilakukan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Secara kuantitatif yaitu hasil yang telah diperoleh dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus prevalensi, intensitas dan persentase sebaran ektoparasit, yang hasilnya disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan secara kualitatif (deskriptif). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 50 ekor itik yang diperiksa, 25 ekor dinyatakan terinfestasi ektoparasit. Ektoparasit yang ditemukan yaitu jenis kutu dan tungau, ektoparasit jenis kutu terdiri dari 3 spesies yaitu Menopon gallinae, Goniocotes gallinae dan Goniodes dissimilis dan tungau terdiri dari 1 spesies yaitu Dermacentor andersoni. Tingkat prevalensi ektoparasit yang menyerang itik yaitu 50% dan termasuk dalam kategori infeksi sangat sering. Tingkat intensitas ektoparasit yang menginfeksi itik adalah 4,56%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah ektoparasit yang menginfestasi itik relatif sedikit, sehingga dapat dikatakan dalam kategori rendah.

Kata Kunci : Inventarisasi, Ektoparasit, Itik, Kolaka Timur